What is the static and dynamic routing and Difference between Static routing and dynamic routing?

 

Static routing and dynamic routing are two methods used to determine how data packets are forwarded in a network. Here's a detailed comparison:

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1. Definition

• Static Routing:
• Network administrators manually configure routes in the routing table.
• Routes remain fixed unless manually updated.
• Dynamic Routing:
• Routes are automatically calculated and updated using routing protocols.
• Routers communicate with each other to share routing information.

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2. Configuration

• Static Routing:
• Requires manual configuration for each route.
• Suitable for small networks with predictable traffic patterns.
• Dynamic Routing:
• Automatically adapts to changes in the network topology.
• Suitable for large, complex networks.

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3. Scalability

• Static Routing:
• Less scalable; becomes cumbersome in large networks with frequent changes.
• Dynamic Routing:
• Highly scalable; efficiently handles large networks with frequent changes.

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4. Complexity

• Static Routing:
• Simpler to configure and manage in small networks.
• Dynamic Routing:
• More complex to configure and manage due to routing protocols.

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5. Resource Usage

• Static Routing:
• Uses less CPU and memory since routes are fixed.
• Dynamic Routing:
• Uses more CPU and memory due to continuous route calculations and updates.

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6. Fault Tolerance

• Static Routing:
• No automatic rerouting; manual intervention required for failures.
• Dynamic Routing:
• Automatically reroutes traffic in case of a failure.

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7. Security

• Static Routing:
• More secure as routes are manually configured and not shared.
• Dynamic Routing:
• Less secure due to the exchange of routing information between routers.

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8. Use Cases

• Static Routing:
• Small networks, default routes, stub networks.
• Dynamic Routing:
• Large enterprise networks, ISPs, networks with multiple paths.

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Summary Table

Feature	Static Routing	Dynamic Routing
Configuration	Manual	Automatic
Scalability	Less scalable	Highly scalable
Complexity	Simple	Complex
Resource Usage	Low	High
Fault Tolerance	None (manual intervention required)	Automatic rerouting
Security	More secure	Less secure
Use Cases	Small networks, default routes, stub networks	Large enterprise networks, ISPs

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Key Takeaways:

• Static routing is simple and secure but lacks scalability and fault tolerance.
• Dynamic routing is scalable and adaptive but more complex and resource-intensive.